Behind the Scenes: The Effects of Acting on Personal Identity Essay

Scientists have a bun in the oven found it most valuable to study the cases of twins in order to determine the relative contribution of inheritables or environmental factors to intelligence. First off, it is important to have an understanding of the genetic distribution between the different groups. Identical twins share the exact same genetic material, giving them 100% genetic overlap. Secondly, all other first degree family members such as fraternal twins, siblings, and biological proves and children share 50% genetic overlap. Cousins have 15% overlap, and all other relationships share 0% genetic overlap. In twin studies, psychologists study a variety of different cases identical twins increase together, identical twins raised separately, and fraternal twins raised together and separately. The reason for including these groups is to examine the correlation they have for intelligence. These studies have shown the intelligence correlation in identical twins is higher than in fraternal twins, even when the identical twins are raised apart. Examining these different groups helps to determine the stoop both genetics and environmental factors have on intelligence.Other groups that have been included in these studies are siblings raised together, siblings raised apart, biological parent and child that lived together, biological parent and child that lived apart, adoptive parent and child that lived together, and cousins that lived apart. These groups were included because comparing identical versus fraternal twins is not the only method to help determine the influence of genetics on intelligence. Because these other groups have varying degrees of genetic overlap with each other, they provide information that can contribute to understandi... ... individual possesses is irrelevant. A person that is skilled in mathematics is intelligent, as is a person that has the ability to choreograph a Broadway dance routine. Everyone has a degree of intelligen ce in all(prenominal) subject however, some people have a very high amount of intelligence in some particular areas compared to other areas.Both nature (genetics) and nurture (environment) make definite contributions to intelligence. The most accurate way to put the contributions together is to say that genetics allows for intellectual capacitor and it is the role of nurturing to bring that capacity (intelligence) to its fullest capabilities. Without an enriched environment, a lot of intelligence may be put to no use at all. If a person has no outlet to line of merchandise the intelligence he or she has there is intellectual potential simply sitting there, but not being exercised.

The House on Mango Street - Fantasy vs. Reality :: House Mango Street

The House on Mango Street - Fantasy vs. Reality         Sometime in our lives, we have wished for things we dont have.  Nomatter how hard we wished on the star or a understructuredle, our wishes never seemed to beanswered.  We have all felt that bitter mortification on Christmas cockcrow whenwe finally realized that we were never going to be able to have what we want.This is the same exact feelings that the characters in Cisneros The House onMango Street.  Unlike us, the disappointment for these characters lastthroughout their childhood.  Esperanza, Rachel, Nenny, Sally, and Lucy are amongthe kids growing up on Mango Street.  They all long for confederateship, love, and abetter life, but all these kids face are the harsh reality of the real world.In the society that Esperanza and her friends live in, love takes a back seatwhen it comes to relationships.         Someday, I will have a beaver fri end all my own. One I can tell mysecrets to.  One who will agnize my jokes without my having to explainthem.  These are the longing words of Esperanza.  While growing up on MangoStreet, Esperanza finds herself in a community that she feels she doesnt belongto.  With all her heart, she longs for a true friend that she can tell herdreams to and will understand her for it.  These wishes seem easy enough togrant, but Esperanza soon finds out that there is more to friendship.  If yougive me five dollars, I will be your friend forever.  Esperanza discovers thatshe can not have anything for nothing.  Rachel and Lucy sure enough become herfriends, but besides after she helped them pay for the bike.  Esperanza never doestruly find a real friend who shares the same goal as she does because all thefriends she has have more problems than her.  For instance, Sally was a friendfor whom Esperanza cared for.   When Esperanza was raped, Sally was not there tohelp her and when Esperanza tried to retain Sally from making a mistake, Sallytold her to leave.  All Esperanza wanted was a friendship that would help herescape her life, but all she ended up with were friendships that reminded her ofher scattered dreams because in her society nothing was given for free and thepeople she was associated with didnt have the same goals as she did.         Another one of those broken dreams was the concept of love.  Esperanzawas not the only one who longed for a mans endless love.

Gunslinger: Battle Between Good and Evil :: essays research papers

The dilemma between good and evil began long before our time, and its been chronicled since man could write. Stephen queen regnant, one of the controversial writers of our time, brings his characters to support by giving them peculiar attributes, individual and bold attitudes, and places them in unusual predicaments. The hero sandwich series by Stephen King is a sequence of books that show the intrinsic struggle between good and evil. His character are presented with obstacles, and readers observe how each one responds to the challenges presented to them, waiting to see how far they will go to achieve what they reckon is the greater good. King realistically conveys to his readers that although his characters put forth their best efforts to do what they feel is upright, their actions are not always in their best interests. The author distinctly shows readers that no amount of good a person does can prevent them from getting hurt. In books one, two, and four King puts his charac ters through current situations to create certain outcomes. King makes an effort to show readers how people arrive at the right, or wrong choice, in different situations. This is, of course, the classic struggle between good and evil.King introduces Roland, the protagonist, in Gunslinger. Roland is crucial in Kings endeavor to present to his readers how people make the choice between good and evil. In Gunslinger, Roland is presented with an option he can either save a boys life, or he can let the boy plunge to his demise and not deviate from his plan. Roland loves the boy, Jake, and is torn between saving him and pursuing his target, the man in black. Roland decides to sacrifice his friends life in order to pawl the man in black. Rolands goal is to reach the Dark Tower, and he feels that he must make sacrifices and forgo the sentimental, in order to achieve his goal. His final goal is what he believes is the greater good, and he will go to any length to reach it. Society has sac rificed of innocence to achieve their definitive purpose, history is proof of this. King simply brings this to light. Roland has love for the boy however, in not saving his life he saves more lives in the end. Saving Jakes life baron be in Jakes best interest, but in doing so Roland will be affected negatively.

Flannery OConnor: A Twentieth Century Fiction Writer Essay -- essays r

There has been a pregnant amount critical analysis written about Flannery OConnors short stories and novels. There is a significant amount critical analysis about Flannery OConnor because she used so many styles that have not been used before. Flannery OConnor ranks among he most important American fable writers of the twentieth century.Flannery OConnor was born in 1925 in Savannah, Georgia, and lived there until her family moved in 1938. OConnor and her family moved to a small Georgia farming town named Milledgeville. When Flannery was 15 historic period old her died father of a disease to the immune system known as lupus erythematosus. OConnor attended Georgia State College for Women after graduating from Peabody High School in 1942. While at Georgia State College for Women, OConnor provided illustrations for the school newspaper and yearbook. In the fall of 1949, Miss OConnor moved to a home Connecticut where she boarded with her two friends, wisecrack and Robert Fitzgerald. A fter one year of hard work OConnor produced her first novel entitled Wise Blood. During this one year, OConnor and the Fitzgeralds grew closer together as she became the godmother of the Fitzgeralds 2 trio child. Later that year, OConnor reported to the Fitzgeralds a "heaviness" in her typing arms. OConnor was later diagnosed with lupus erythematosus, the same disease that killed her father. Flannery OConnor moved back to Georgia to live with her mother on a dairy farm near Mille...

The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman :: The Yellow Wallpaper Essays

The Yellow Wall Paper Profound   I believe that American literature is precise profound to understand it. It has a lot of meaning that can help us see our American society in a variant way or help us understand it better. Everything in American literature is express through words, not images. However, Literature most of the time extend our mind to visualized what is being utter. In "the Yellow Wall Paper" stage, I believe the author is expressing herself through words as if she is describing an abstract painting. I believe this story is not literal. I believe this story is composed as an abstract painting that is full of meaning. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a strong influential on the lives of many writers during the time this story was written. "Emersons accent mark on individuality, nonconformity, and resistance to traditional authority defines a national identity for Americans still seeking independence from English influence"(NIck Evans). Now, I beli eve that Gilman was very much influence by what Emerson said in his lectures during this time. The purpose of this paper is to show how Gilman had a respond to what emerson said through my exposition of Charlotte Perkins Gilman story. Now, the overall eubstance of this paper is first,I will give many paragraphs with a particular point on all(prenominal) one of them unneurotic with my interpretation of each one. My Point is that each paragraph will be adding up to the final Paragraph which will give my final interpretation of the story. In the conclusion, I will restate my interpretation together with some historical facts and emersons ideas that will correspond to my interpretation of Gilman. My goal of this paper is to show how Gilman is using the story like an abstract painting to dependent the eyes of women to be nonconformists in society and at home. First of all, John and his wife arrived to live in a big ho consumption for a bypass time together with John sister. In t his house there is a room with a yellow argue paper. Before they arrive this room was use as a nursery, playroom and gymnasium. I believe this three different functions gives us a summary of the experiences of Johns wife in this room. She arrive here to hold back a "total rest cure" for her depression. What is the significance of the room being a nursery?The Yellow wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman The Yellow Wallpaper Essays The Yellow Wall Paper Profound   I believe that American Literature is very profound to understand it. It has a lot of meaning that can help us see our American society in a different way or help us understand it better. Everything in American literature is express through words, not images. However, Literature most of the time open our mind to visualized what is being said. In "the Yellow Wall Paper" story, I believe the author is expressing herself through words as if she is describing an abstract painting. I believe this sto ry is not literal. I believe this story is composed as an abstract painting that is full of meaning. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a strong influential on the lives of many writers during the time this story was written. "Emersons emphasis on individuality, nonconformity, and resistance to traditional authority defines a national identity for Americans still seeking independence from English influence"(NIck Evans). Now, I believe that Gilman was very much influence by what Emerson said in his lectures during this time. The purpose of this paper is to show how Gilman had a respond to what emerson said through my interpretation of Charlotte Perkins Gilman story. Now, the overall body of this paper is first,I will give many paragraphs with a particular point on each one of them together with my interpretation of each one. My Point is that each paragraph will be adding up to the final Paragraph which will give my final interpretation of the story. In the conclusion, I will restate my interpretation together with some historical facts and emersons ideas that will correspond to my interpretation of Gilman. My goal of this paper is to show how Gilman is using the story like an abstract painting to open the eyes of women to be nonconformists in society and at home. First of all, John and his wife arrived to live in a big house for a short time together with John sister. In this house there is a room with a yellow wall paper. Before they arrive this room was use as a nursery, playroom and gymnasium. I believe this three different functions gives us a summary of the experiences of Johns wife in this room. She arrive here to have a "total rest cure" for her depression. What is the significance of the room being a nursery?

The Yellow Wallpaper by Charlotte Perkins Gilman :: The Yellow Wallpaper Essays

The Yellow Wall Paper Profound   I believe that American belles-lettres is truly profound to understand it. It has a lot of meaning that can help us see our American society in a distinct way or help us understand it better. Everything in American literature is express through words, not images. However, Literature most of the time pass around our mind to visualized what is being say. In "the Yellow Wall Paper" stratum, I believe the author is expressing herself through words as if she is describing an abstract painting. I believe this story is not literal. I believe this story is composed as an abstract painting that is full of meaning. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a strong influential on the lives of many writers during the time this story was written. "Emersons focus on individuality, nonconformity, and resistance to traditional authority defines a national identity for Americans still seeking independence from English influence"(NIck Evans). Now, I be lieve that Gilman was very much influence by what Emerson said in his lectures during this time. The purpose of this paper is to show how Gilman had a respond to what emerson said through my recital of Charlotte Perkins Gilman story. Now, the overall consistence of this paper is first,I will give many paragraphs with a particular point on each one of them in concert with my interpretation of each one. My Point is that each paragraph will be adding up to the final Paragraph which will give my final interpretation of the story. In the conclusion, I will restate my interpretation together with some historical facts and emersons ideas that will correspond to my interpretation of Gilman. My goal of this paper is to show how Gilman is using the story like an abstract painting to absolved the eyes of women to be nonconformists in society and at home. First of all, John and his wife arrived to live in a big ho theatrical role for a little(a) time together with John sister. In this ho use there is a room with a yellow border paper. Before they arrive this room was use as a nursery, playroom and gymnasium. I believe this three different functions gives us a summary of the experiences of Johns wife in this room. She arrive here to substantiate a "total rest cure" for her depression. What is the significance of the room being a nursery?The Yellow cover by Charlotte Perkins Gilman The Yellow Wallpaper Essays The Yellow Wall Paper Profound   I believe that American Literature is very profound to understand it. It has a lot of meaning that can help us see our American society in a different way or help us understand it better. Everything in American literature is express through words, not images. However, Literature most of the time open our mind to visualized what is being said. In "the Yellow Wall Paper" story, I believe the author is expressing herself through words as if she is describing an abstract painting. I believe this story is not literal. I believe this story is composed as an abstract painting that is full of meaning. Ralph Waldo Emerson was a strong influential on the lives of many writers during the time this story was written. "Emersons emphasis on individuality, nonconformity, and resistance to traditional authority defines a national identity for Americans still seeking independence from English influence"(NIck Evans). Now, I believe that Gilman was very much influence by what Emerson said in his lectures during this time. The purpose of this paper is to show how Gilman had a respond to what emerson said through my interpretation of Charlotte Perkins Gilman story. Now, the overall body of this paper is first,I will give many paragraphs with a particular point on each one of them together with my interpretation of each one. My Point is that each paragraph will be adding up to the final Paragraph which will give my final interpretation of the story. In the conclusion, I will restate my interp retation together with some historical facts and emersons ideas that will correspond to my interpretation of Gilman. My goal of this paper is to show how Gilman is using the story like an abstract painting to open the eyes of women to be nonconformists in society and at home. First of all, John and his wife arrived to live in a big house for a short time together with John sister. In this house there is a room with a yellow wall paper. Before they arrive this room was use as a nursery, playroom and gymnasium. I believe this three different functions gives us a summary of the experiences of Johns wife in this room. She arrive here to have a "total rest cure" for her depression. What is the significance of the room being a nursery?

Political Dimension of Globalization

In chapter four, The policy-making dimension of globalization, Steger did a tremendous job in analyzing the intensification and expansion of political interrelations across the globe. Steger brought up two major issues, which I found intriguing, dealing with how globalization affects modern dry land- severalise system, which traced back to 17th-century, and the transfer of the nation- verbalize that gave rise to a borderless world. On the other hand, Xiaohua Ma discoursed of expiation and forgiveness in her assay, Constructing a National Memory of War, showed how War Museums served as an important role in constructing internal memory. Altogether, National memory mends the gap amongst political interrelations across the globe. The nation-state, a form of political organization originated out of the Peace of Westphalia in 1648, served to decide on specific rules of relations within and amidst states to avoid perpetual disagreements.With the nation-state system, the states manag e domestic affairs, everything from education, military to welfare and population. This system strived to put a clear distinction between domestic territory, where the authority of the state was absolute, and the international realm where nations were expected to follow minimal rules to avoid conflicts. This had been a foundation that Steger believed convey a sense of existential security and historical pertinacity (Steger, 56). However, when this diplomat failed to follow through, states brutishly engage themselves by going to war with each other.Steger do an excellent point on the fuel behind the amiable and physical energies required for large-scale warfare, for example, World War I and II, came from peoples very own belief in the superiority of their own nation (Steger, 57). Even political scientist David Held pointed out, Differences among states are often settled by forceinternational legal standards afford only minimal protection (Steger, 58). The needs to impinge on fo reign countries felt subordinated to a larger imperial authority are the causes for the gap between political interrelations.In a way, this related to Mas essay by showing how War Museums are intended for peaceful purposes. In her essay, she defines National memory as commemoration for purposes of strengthening national identity or international prestige. War museums served to focus on grievance, and, by commemorated in certain ways, reinforced national pride and identity. Furthermore, National memory strengthens political interrelations across the globe. The demise of nation-state, calling it borderless world, sought to convince people that the decline of territory power is because of political and social change as a result of globalization.Because a state can only be self-governing if it can exercise authority over a given territory, globalization, which rely on data and communication technologies, made borders seem irrelevant. These so called techno- frugal juggernaut aimed to c rush any governmental attempts of strengthening policies and regulations. This issue linked with the economic aspect of globalization, showing how transnational corporations can fill a huge impact on the political dimension of globalization. Steger pointed out that global markets frequently undermine the capacity of government, which leaded to people believing in the decline of nation-state.However, government still has the power in deciding the fate of their economies. Factors like education, infrastructure, and population movement account for most of the countrys economic system. Likewise, Ma said in her essay that National memory could shape and reshape postwar relations, or it could cause domestic discontent as a result of economic downfall. Thus, possibly shifting the focus from reshaping postwar relations to lingering wartime grievances. As a result, globalization ceased the end of nation-state by creating a borderless world, which lastly created global chaos.National memory serves as a foundation to help strengthen the political conflicts between states that caused by globalization. Ma discussed two perspectives of Memory Wars humanistic and political view. The humanistic view put strong emphasis on forgiveness, the feelings of guilt and remorse political view, by rectifying the wrongs, helped rebuild international rehabilitation and thereby national prestige. Altogether, this helps rebuild the postwar relations between states at a nation and international level.

Ap World Syllabus

Advanced Placement World History Course Syllabus 2012-2013 Ms. Rebecca Layton chummy High School Fort Washington, MD 20744 301-449-4900 Rebecca. emailprotected org Course Description The Advanced Placement World History (APWH) course is an intensive, year long, examination of world(prenominal) write up from the period of 8000 B. C. E. to the present. The purpose of APWH is to develop a greater take careing of the evolution of global processes and contacts, in interaction with different types of human societies.The course highlights the nature of changes in international frameworks and their causes and consequences, as well as comparisons among study societies. This course also builds an understanding of cultural, institutional and technological precedents that, along with geography, set the human stage. The course is unkept down into five major periods of study. They are ? Foundations 8000 B. C. E. to 600 C. E. ? 600 C. E. to 1450 ? 1450 to 1750 ? 1750 to 1914 ? 1914 to the pre sent APWH Course Themes The APWH course is guided by six themes which will receive equal attention passim the course . The dynamics of change and continuity across the world history periods covered in this course, and the causes and processes involved in major changes of these dynamics. 2. Patterns and effects of interaction among societies and regions trade, war, airiness and international organizations. 3. The effects of technology, economics and demography on people and the environment (population growth and decline, disease, labor systems, manufacturing, migrations agriculture and weaponry. ) 4. Systems of social structure and gender structure (comparing major features ithin and among societies, and assessing change and continuity). 5. Cultural, intellectual and religious developments, including interactions among and within societies. 6. win overs in functions and structures of states and attitudes towards states and political identities (political culture), including the em ergence of nation-state (types of political organization). APWH Habits of Mind or Skills The APWH course addresses habits of mind or skills in cardinal categories (1) those addressed by any rigorous history course, and (2) those addressed by a world history course.Four habits of mind are in the first house ? Constructing and evaluating arguments using evidence to make plausible arguments. ? Using documents and other primary data developing the skills necessary to analyze point of overhear, context and bias and to understand and interpret information. ? Assessing issues of change and continuity over time, including the capacity to deal with changes as a process and with questions of causation. ? Understanding diversity of interpretations through analysis of context, point of view and frame of reference.Three habits of mind belong in the second category ? Seeing global patterns and processes over time and space while also connecting local developments to global ones and moving thro ugh levels of generalization from the global to the particular. ? Comparing within and among societies, including comparing societies reactions to global process. ? Being aware of human commonalities and differences while assessing claims of universal standards, and understanding culturally diverse ideas and values in historical context. Required Materials ? Bentley, J. and Ziegler, H. 2003). Traditions and Encounters A worldwide prospect on the Past. (3rd Ed. ). Boston McGraw-Hill. ? Andrea, A. and Overfield, J. (2005). The Human Record Sources of planetary History, Volume I to 1700. (5th Ed. ). Boston Houghton Mifflin Company. ? Andrea, A. and Overfield, J. (2005). The Human Record Sources of Global History, Volume II Since 1500. (5th Ed. ). Boston Houghton Mifflin Company. ? Laden, J. and Whelan, P. (2009). Kaplan AP World History . Kaplan Publishing Grading Criteria Quarter grades will be computed harmonize to the following factors ?Tests/ quizzes/Essays/Projects50% ? Homewor k25% ? Classwork/Participation25% Conduct Students are expected to follow all rules in this yr that correspond to those stated in the Prince Georges County Code of Student Conduct. punctuality is a necessity and tardiness to class will result in loss of participation points. Work missed because of an unexcused absence may not be made up. Work missed because of an excused absence must be made up within the week the student returns to school. It is the responsibility of the student to dictate for make up work.All assignments must be handed in on time late work will not be accepted. Methodology This course is conducted using a variety of methods lecture/discussion, simulations, cooperative learning activities, presentations and independent study/research. All students are responsible for reading the assignments before coming to class so that they may actively participate. A variety of film clips and videos are also used throughout the course. Unit I Foundations 8000 B. C. E. to 600 C. E. hebdomad One Topics unpolished Revolution World Geography Geographic Determinism- Jared Diamond Discussion/DebateReadings Course Introductions/Overview, Chapter 1 (Bentley) study Assignments comparative bright Organizer earlyish Civilization Assessments try Chapter 1 Timed piece of writing Comparative Essays on Early Civilizations Jared Diamond Take-Home Essay Weeks Two and Three Topics Civilization Discussion/Debate Early Civilizations (Complex Societies) Economic Specialization/Trade Bantu/Aryan Migration Religion Readings Chapter 2 (Bentley) Chapter 3 (Bentley) Chapter 4 (Bentley) Chapter 5 (Bentley) Chapter 6 (Bentley) Major Assignments Annotated Timeline/Companion Essay verbiage Building Exercises (Ancient Civilizations)Assessments test Chapters 2-5 Foundation Exam, Part 1 Chapters 1-6 Weeks Four and Five Topics Classical Societies/Empires Economic Specialization/Development of Long keep Trade principle Systems (Religions of Salvation) Readings Chapter 7 (Bentle y) Chapter 8 (Bentley) Chapter 9 (Bentley) Chapter 10 (Bentley) Chapter 11 (Bentley) Major Assignments Annotated symbolise Greek/Roman Mediterranean Comparative Graphic Organizer Classical Societies/Empires Comparative Graphic Organizer Belief Systems Assessments quiz Chapters 7-11 Timed Writing Document Based Question Buddhism Weeks Six and SevenTopics Cross-Cultural Interactions/Migrations Long Distance Trade pervade/Diffusion of Religion Spread/Diffusion of Disease Collapse of the Classical Societies/Empires Readings Chapter 12 (Bentley) 1. 1-1. 15 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. I) 1. 46-1. 54 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. I) 1. 18-142 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. II) Major Assignments ASPIRE Chart Annotated Timeline (AP Themes) Assessments Foundations Exam, Part II Chapters 7-12 Unit II 600 C. E. to 1450 Week 8 Topics Byzantium A Survivor Society Islam Rise and Expansion saving and Society Urbanization, Hemispheric Trade Readings Chapter 13 (Bentley)Chapter 14 (Bentley) Major Assignments pu rpose exercise Dar al Islam language Building Exercises Byzantine and Islam Assessments Quiz Chapter 13-14 Week 9 Topics Restoration of Imperial Rule in mainland China Islamic and Hindu Kingdoms Economic Development and Trade Culture and Society Readings Chapter 15 (Bentley) Chapter 16 (Bentley) Major Assignments Continuity-Change Over Time Graphic Organizer Chinese Dynasties Assessments Quiz Chapters 15-16 Timed Writing DBQ-The Silk Roads Week 10 Topics policy-making Stability Economy and Society The Papacy Regional States and Expansion The CrusadesReadings Chapter 17 (Bentley) Chapter 20 (Bentley) Major Assignments Comparative Graphic Organizer European and Japanese Feudalism Mini-DBQ The Crusades Assessments Quiz Chapter 17 and 20 Unit II Exam, Part I Chapters 13-17 and 20 Week 11 Topics Turkish Migrations and Expansion Mongol Expansion and Empire Building Readings Chapter 18 (Bentley) Major Assignments Annotated Timeline (AP Themes) Vocabulary Building Exercises Asia/Middle eastmost Map Building Exercise Turkish/Mongol Assessments Quiz Chapter 18 Timed Writing CCOT Essay The Mongols Weeks 12 and 13 Topics West African Kingdoms/EmpiresIslamic Kingdoms/Empires Long Distance Trade Trans-Saharan Trade/ Indian Ocean Trade Culture and Society Mesoamerican Empires Readings Chapter 19 (Bentley) Chapter 21 (Bentley) Major Assignments Persuasive Essay why/ Why Not Build Long Distance Trade Routes? Presentation Empire Building Assessments Quiz Chapter 19 and Chapter 21 Quiz Vocabulary/Map Week 14 Topics Cross-Cultural Interactions Long-Distance Trade Crisis and Recovery Exploration and Colonization Readings Chapter 22 (Bentley) 1. 55-1. 113 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. I) Major Assignments ASPIRE Chart Annotated Timeline (AP Themes)Assessments Quiz Chapter 22 Unit II Exam, Part II Chapters 18-22 (Excluding Chapter 20) Unit III 1450 to 1750 Week 15 Topics Exploration Navigation and Motivation Colonization Europeans to the Americas/South Asia Exchange Transoceanic Trade Readings Chapter 23 (Bentley) Major Assignments Map Activity Vocabulary Building Exercises Annotated Timeline/Corresponding Essay (AP Themes) Assessments Quiz Chapter 23 Quiz Vocabulary/Map Skills (Renaissance Europe) Week 16 Topics reclamation/Counter Reformation Revival of Empire Capitalism-Expansion of Trade-Labor SystemsReadings Chapter 24 (Bentley) Major Assignments Vocabulary Building Exercises (Reformation) Essay Transformation of Europe Assessments Quiz Chapter 24 Timed Writing DBQ-Christian and Muslim Attitudes Towards Trade Week 17 Topics The Spanish in the Americas compound Society European Expansion into the Pacific Readings Chapter 25 (Bentley) Major Assignments Annotated Timeline Colonization Map Assessments Quiz Chapter 25 Timed Writing Comparative Essay on Labor Systems Week 18 Topics Labor Systems in the New World-Triangular Trade African Diaspora (Demographic Impact) Abolition of SlaveryReadings Chapter 26 (Bentley) Major Assignments Essay The Growth of Plantation s Assessments Quiz Chapter 26 Timed Writing DBQ on the Abolition of Slavery Week 19 Topics Political Stability in China (Post Mongols) Economic and Social Changes New Cultural Influences/Traditions Unification of Japan Readings Chapter 28 (Bentley) Major Assignments relation Graphic Organizer Japanese and Chinese Social/Political Changes Vocabulary Building Exercises East Asia Map Activity East Asia Assessments Quiz Chapter 27 Quiz Vocabulary/Map East Asia Week 20 Topics Islamic Empires Islamic SocietyEmpires in Transition Readings Chapter 28 (Bentley) 2. 3-2. 58 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. II) Major Assignments ASPIRE Chart Annotated Timeline Middle East Map Activity Assessments Quiz Chapter 28 Unit III Exam, Chapters 23-26 Unit IV 1750 to 1914 Week 21 Topics Enlightenment and Revolution (American/French) Impact of Revolution Latin America Abolitionism Womens Rights Nationalism and the Formation of National States (Italy/Germany) Readings Chapter 29 (Bentley) Major Assignments Voca bulary Building Exercises Political Upheaval Comparative Graphic Organizer American/French RevolutionsComparative Graphic Organizer Italian/German Nation Building Assessments Quiz Chapter 29 Quiz Vocabulary Week 22 Topics Industrialization Changing Industrial Society-Urbanization and Migration Global Impact Readings Chapter 30 (Bentley) Major Assignments Annotated Timeline Assessments Quiz Chapter 30 Timed Writing CCOT Essay on the Roles of Women in East Asia, Latina America, Sub-Saharan Africa and Western Europe, 1750-1914 Week 23 Topics The Americas State Building Economic Development Society and Culture Readings Chapter 31 (Bentley) Major Assignments Annotated Timeline Map Activity U. S. GrowthAssessments Quiz Chapter 31 Essay Immigration and Change in the Americas Week 24 Topics Declining Empires Ottomans -Russian-China Readings Chapter 32 (Bentley) Major Assignments Map Activity Russia Annotated Timeline/Companion Essay Growth and Change of Russia Assessments Quiz Chapter 32 We eks 25-26 Topics Imperialism Building of Global Empires Motives for Empire The Scramble (Africa and Asia) New Imperial Powers Impact of Imperialism Readings Chapter 33 (Bentley) Major Assignments Map Activity Imperialism Comparison Graphic Organizer European Imperialism Assessments Quiz Chapter 33Week 27 Topics Review/Reflect/Recover Readings 2. 40-2. 80 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. II) Major Assignments ASPIRE Chart Vocabulary Building Exercises Imperialism Assessments Timed Writing DBQ- Asian bound Labor in the 19th Century Unit IV Exam, Chapters 29-33 Unit V 1914 to Present Week 28 Topics World war I Global War Total War Impact of Versailles Readings Chapter 34 (Bentley) Major Assignments Map Activity Europe WWI Annotated Timeline/Companion Essay Causes, Impact and Fall Out of WWI Assessments Quiz Chapter 34 Weeks 29 and 30 Topics Global Depression and Political ChallengesRise of Totalitarian Movements (Fascism, Communism, National Socialism Nationalism and Political Identity Asian Autonomy Colonial Africa Latin America Readings Chapter 35 (Bentley) Chapter 36 (Bentley) Major Assignments Comparative Graphic Organizer Totalitarian Movements Comparative Graphic Organizer Asia/Africa/Latin America Vocabulary Building Exercises Political Systems Assessments Quiz Chapters 35-36 Timed Writing CCOT Essay on Attitudes Towards Political Structures Week 31 Topics World War II Causes and Consequences Total War Holocaust Atomic Bomb Readings Chapter 37 (Bentley)Major Assignments Annotated Timeline/Companion Essay Causes, Impact and Fall Out of WWII Map Activity Europe WWII/Asia Holocaust Writing Perspective Assessments Quiz Chapter 37 Week 32 Topics The Cold War Emergence of Super Powers Hot Spots Korea/Cuba/Vietnam End of Cold War Readings Chapter 38 (Bentley) Major Assignments Comparative Graphic Organizers Hot Spots Annotated Timeline Cold War Vocabulary Building Exercises Post War Map Activity South East Asia Assessments Quiz Chapter 38 Quiz Vocabulary/Map Week 33 Top ics De-Colonization Asia-Africa-Latin America Readings Chapter 39 (Bentley)Major Assignments Map Activity Africa Map Activity Latin America Comparison Graphic Organizer Independence Africa/Asia/Latin America Assessments Quiz Chapter 39 Timed Writing DBQ-Nationalism Among Muslim Leaders Week 34 Topics The Global Economy Cross-Cultural Exchanges and Communication Global Problems-Demography and Environment Readings Chapter 40 (Bentley) 2. 100-2. 123, 2. 87-2. 98 (Andrea/Overfield, Vol. II) Major Assignments ASPIRE Chart Presentation Global Economy, Cultural Interactions, Global Threats, Rights of Women or Migration Assessments Quiz Chapter 40 Unit V Exam, Chapters 34-40

The Effect of Temperature and Concentration on the Rate

Evaluation Like any experiment, there were a number of potential fractures during the procedure of the experiment. Errors could have arisen as a depart of the uncertainties associated with the instruments I use to take mea sealedments, and also as a result of errors associated with the actual method. Of course, due to the limitations of the procedure, they could not be eliminated completely, so I will formulate what I did to reduce them to an acceptable level and how I could have improved my method to reduce them even further. Equipment justificationThe following table shows the reasons for my cho chicken feed of equipment in carrying push through my method. Equipment Justification coke cm3 burette I call for to accurately measure out large quantities of hydrogen peroxide (90 cm3 and one hundred fifty cm3). The 100 cm3 burette is a precise instrument and would allow me to measure out the hydrogen peroxide by filling it fewer times than I would need to with 50 cm3 burette. 50 cm3 burette I needed to repeatedly measure out elfin volumes of resultant roles AI. The burette made the task convenient, and it is a precise instrument. 250 cm3 volumetricalal flask I needed to make up a specific volume of a standard solution. The volumetric flask has a low error. 100 cm3 volumetric flask I needed to make up a specific volume of a standard solution. The volumetric flask has a low error. tip pan balance I needed to accurately weigh out small measuring sticks of solid when making up my solutions. 25 cm3 Mohr pipette I used the pipette to accurately transfer sulfuric acid when making up solutions. I could not do this with a volumetric pipette, as the volume I transferred was 20 cm3. Distilled water I used the distilled water to wash out any glassware and storage jars before using them to avoid contamination. Crushed ice I used the ice to cool my reactants down to 10 C. Water bath I used the water bath to heat my reactants up to 30 C, 40 C and 50 C. It kept the temperature constantit does not cool down like hot water in a beaker. Thermometer I needed to measure the temperature of the reactants before pouring them into the beaker and stirring them. Magnetic stirrer I used the stirrer to ensure the response mixture was uniformly mixed.This was necessary to drive sharp warp varys. Stopwatch I used the stopwatch to record the times of the colour changes. These are the honours I needed to investigate the answer of temperature and meanness on rate. Measurement errors These are the errors associated with the equipment I used when weighing out solids, measuring volumes of liquid, recording the temperature of my reactants, and recording the times of the colour changes. Equipment Error 100 cm3 burette 0. 2 cm3 50 cm3 burette 0. 1 cm3 250 cm3 volumetric flask 0. 3 cm3 00 cm3 volumetric flask 0. 2 cm3 25 cm3 Mohr pipette 0. 1 cm3 big top pan balance 0. 005 g Thermometer 0. 5 C Stopwatch 0. 005 s (for instrument), 0. 5 s (for measuremen ts), 0. 05 s (for measurements at 50 C) The stopwatch could record to 2 d. p. but the times I recorded were bear upon by my reaction time. Recording to 2 d. p. would be pointless, as I could not record that precisely. I decided to record the times to the nearest second, except for my results at 50 C, where I recorded them to 1 d. p. because of the short duration of time between the colour changes.Percentage uncertainties Using the measurement errors, I can work out the percentage uncertainties for my measurements. I can do this using the formula percentage uncertainty = error / value of measurement x 100% I made multiple measurements with many of the instruments I used. For these measurements, I will find the uncertainties for three of the values (the highest, the terminal and one close to the average) to give an indication of how the uncertainty changed across the range of measurements I made. Equipment Error Measurement Percentage uncertainty / % 100 cm3 burette 0. cm3 150 cm3 ( I used the burette twice, so 0. 4 / 150 =) 0. 27 90 cm3 0. 22 50 cm3 burette 0. 1 cm3 10. 00 cm3 1. 0 5. 00 cm3 2. 0 1. 00 cm3 10 250 cm3 volumetric flask 0. 3 cm3 250 cm3 0. 12 100 cm3 volumetric flask 0. 2 cm3 100 cm3 0. 20 25 cm3 Mohr pipette 0. 1 cm3 20 cm3 0. 50 carousel pan balance 0. 005 g 26. 75 g 0. 02 10. 7 g 0. 05 0. 85 g 0. 59 Thermometer 0. 5 C 50 C 1. 0 30 C 1. 7 10 C 5. 0 Stopwatch 0. 5 s 437 s 0. 11 95 s 0. 53 1 s 50 0. 05 s (at 50 C) 31. 8 s 0. 57 12. 9 s 0. 388 1. 5 s 3. 3 The percentage uncertainties varied wildly depending on the error of the instrument and the value of the measurement. The largest uncertainty (50%) came from the stopwatch when I used it to record a time of 1 s. However, this would not have affected my calculations to a great extent, as I only used the time to calculate the blue cycle for the first oscillation. It would not have affected the value I calculated for the average oscillation period by a of import amount, and would not have noticeably affected the trends in my graphs.This applies to all uncertainties from the stopwatch. I could have recorded all my times to 1 d. p. to improve the accuracy of my calculations and draw graphs that showed a trend closer to the true one. The second most crucial uncertainty (10%) was for the burette when I used it to add 1 cm3 of solution to different test tubes in order to test the motion of changing the concentration of propanedioic acid, manganese(II) sulfate(VI) and sulfuric acid. This is a very significant error that could have definitely weakened the accuracy of my results.It might explain, for instance, the wildly varying number of oscillations I ascertained for tests at 0. 01 M manganese(II) sulfate(VI), as well as the increase appearance of anomalous results at lower concentrations. Even the uncertainty for a measurement of 10 cm3 using the burette was 1%, which is significant. In order to reduce the instrumental error, I could have used a 1 cm3 pip ette or spray to measure very small volumes of solution. I could not have done much more than to conveniently transfer larger volumes of solution (i. e. p to 10 cm3) while reducing the error, as even a 10 cm3 pipette has the same error as a 50 cm3 burette, and it would have been extremely time-consuming to transfer my solutions to test tubes using a 1 cm3 pipette. Still, a 1% uncertainty would not have dramatically affected my results. An new(prenominal) source of significant percentage uncertainties was the thermometerat every temperature the uncertainty was above 1%. At 10 C, it was 5%, which is particularly significant. This means that I could have started stirring the reactants at a temperature between 9. 5 C and 10. 5 C.However, there were no thermometers more precise than 0. 5 C, so there is not much I could have done to reduce this error. Anyway, looking back at my raw results, the times I recorded for tests at 10 C were not particularly discordant in comparison with the r esults I obtained for the other(a) temperatures. All other errors were below 1%, so were insignificant. I used the volumetric flasks correctly, using a Pasteur pipette to add the distilled water for the last centimetre below the graduation mark, checking the mark at eye level in order to make sure I stopped at the correct point.I took readings from the bottom of the meniscus at eye level when using the Mohr pipette and burettes to reduce parallax error. I had to round up the mass of manganese(II) sulfate(VI)-1-water I weighed on the top pan balance from 0. 845 g to 0. 85, so an 4 d. p. analytical balance would have been better for this, but I did not have access to one. Procedural errors These are the errors that could have arisen from the method and improper technique. When making up solutions, it is important to rinse out the glassware and other equipment with distilled water before use.This was particularly vital for the BR reaction, due to its high sensitivity to chloride ions. As mentioned in my method, I did wash out all equipment with close to distilled water before putting them in contact with any reactants to minimise the risk of contamination. It would have been impossible to prevent a small amount of solution from being lost when transferring them. When transferring from a beaker through a funnel to volumetric flask, the small amount left would have led to a lower terminal concentration then planned. I minimised this error by washing out the beaker with distilled water three times.When pouring solution from the test tubes into the reaction beaker, a small amount is also lost. However, the amount left would have little effect on the results because it is a systematic error, i. e. it is repeated every time the solution is poured. I always inverted the volumetric flasks when making up solutions in order to ensure homogeneity. Before pouring them into the burettes, I gave the storage bottles a swirl in case the uniformity of the solution had been aff ected during storage. This would prevent the trials from being tested at different concentrations, which would have compromised the accuracy of my results.In addition, I used a magnetized stirrer to make sure the consistency of the solution remained even within the reaction beaker. This also meant that the colour changes were sharper. It was especially important that the blue colour change was sharp, as this is the value I used to calculate the oscillation period, and therefore, rate of reaction. However, because human reaction time is not perfect, there was always some correspond between the colour change and the pressing of the stopwatch. This is why I could not record times accurate to 2 d. p.At higher temperatures, i. e. 40 C and 50 C, the water from the solutions in the test tubes evaporated a lot faster than at room temperature while being heated in water bath, which would have increased the concentrations of the reactants and overstated the effect of the temperature increas e. I minimised this error by removing the test tubes from the water bath as soon as possible after the temperature of the reactants reached the appropriate level. coterminous time, I would seal the test tubes using stoppers to prevent any water vapour from escaping.Unfortunately, the reactants could not remain at their starting temperature while being stirred, as they had to be poured into a beaker and set on a magnetic stirrer. This means that during tests at 30 C, 40 C and 50 C, the reactants cooled down at 10 C, the reactants warmed up. This would have understated the effect of temperature on rate. There was a problem with the hydrogen peroxide in the burette. Because it was stored in the fridge, it was cold when I took it out. As it warmed up, there were noticeable increases in the level of solution in the burette.Trials that were run near the start of the session may have used colder, more concentrated hydrogen peroxide, which would have affected the rate of reaction. I only t ook the temperature of reactants when I tested the effect of temperature. In order to resolve this problem abutting time, I would take out the hydrogen peroxide at the very start of the lesson and wait for it to warm up while setting up the other burettes, magnetic stirrer etc. and also take the temperature of the reactants when testing concentration to see if it might have had a secondary effect on the rate.The super acid iodate(V) was not soluble enough to make Solution F (potassium iodate(V), 0. 5 M). Although I did manage to fully dissolve it with the aid of heat, a small amount crystallised out of solution after it cooled down, which would have decreased the solutions concentration and affected the results I obtained for the tests where I changed the concentration of potassium iodate(V) and sulfuric acid. Next time, I would change the experiment and run the tests at lower concentrations. Reliability My results were quite reliable, as I ran the reaction three times at each tem perature and concentration.The number of oscillations was usually the same at each temperature/concentration and the times were concordant to an acceptable degree. There were a few anomalous runs, which I mentioned in my analysis section, and gave a possible explanation for above. I could have repeated the experiment a further time when I got inconsistent results, e. g. 0. 01 M manganese(II) sulfate(VI), to increase reliability. Extending the investigation The observations I made about the colours during particular runs were solely qualitative.I could broaden the scope of my investigation by using colourimetry to obtain a quantitative measurement of the colour intensity when the reaction was especially faint or dark. I could then compare it to values from the standard reaction to reenforce my observations. I could also use the data logger to measure the times of the colour changes. I could then compare the results from this technique to those from the stopwatch and evaluate the adv antages and disadvantages to some(prenominal) methods, and decide which one would be better at producing accurate results.Conclusion Overall, I am satisfied that I have made valid conclusions about the effect of temperature and concentration on the rate of the BriggsRauscher reaction. Although I did not fully meet my aim of finding the order of reaction for every reactant, I did discover that the reaction was not typical in this sense, and that the orders of reaction could not easily be found. I did manage to justify parts of the mechanism through the qualitative observations I made.

A Ponzi scheme originated

There are the great unwashed who decide to put away their hard-earned bills through investment. Unfortunately, thither are also those who take advantage of peoples investments to de fake others and make money for themselves. Bernard Madoff proved to be part of the latter, as he had recently become infamous for securities fraud. Bernard Madoff was initially revered as hero in Wall Street. In 1960, he established Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities with the money he had earned while working as a life belt in Far Rockaway, Queens (Gandel).He proved to be a critical player in Wall Street, as his firm provided the middle ground wherein buyers and sellers of stocks canful meet. The firm also was responsible for the progress of Nasdaq, wherein Madoff was a former chairman. The New York Times reported that Bernard L. Madoff Investment Securities had under its management over 24 funds, which was cost an estimated $17 billion in assets. The express funds were sold to rich investors, in stitutions and hedge funds (Madoff). At present, Madoff is considered the villain.On December 11, 2008, Madoff was arrested at his home in Manhattan on charges of what could possibly be the most extensive fraud in the history of Wall Street (Gandel). The 70 year-old former Nasdaq chairman defrauded his clients through a Ponzi dodging which was originally said to have been worth $50 million. Later on, the cost was estimated at $65 million. A Ponzi object originated as a form of a pyramid scheme named after Charles Ponzi, who tricked the citizens into a postage stamp investment scheme in 1920s (U. S. sulfur).However, the Ponzi scheme at present works instead differently. People now operate on a rob-Peter-to-pay-Paul scheme, wherein they take the money of new investors to pay what they owe to their old investors (U. S. SEC). This is exactly what Madoff did with his firm. In the 1990s, Madoff used his news report in the finance industry to create an asset-management firm (Gandel). He utilized his social network to acquire money for his newly-established business. He would encourage people from the sole(a) clubs wherein he and his relatives were included to invest in his firm.It was said that he had found an investor in the Palm Beach Country Club who helped him find other investors (Gandel). Madoff was equal to(p) to invite many people to invest in his firm through a guarantee of low payments but with high profits (Henriques and Kouwe 1). He managed the Fairfield sentry fund, which was said to have $7. 3 billion in assets. Every year in its 15-year history, it was maintained that the firm paid over 11 percent quest (Henriques and Kouwe 1). Most of Madoffs investors contributed to his funds through several feeder funds (Gandel). In turn, these funds were promoted by other companies.The funds were associated with an investment management firm, which forwarded the money to Madoff. One of the funds which brought millions of dollars in Madoffs possession was t he Tremont Broad Market Fund (Gandel). It was in 2005 when what originally began as a legitimate business became a Ponzi scheme, as Madoff used the money of his new clients to settle the accounts of the earlier investors who wanted their cash back (Gandel). Despite the continued economic decline in 2008, Madoff insisted to his clients that there was a 5. 6% growth in his funds by the latter part of November that year.This proved to be a false claim, as during the same period, the stocks of specimen & Poors 500 decreased by an average of 37. 7% (Gandel). For his fraudulent scheme to work, Madoff recruited people who had no previous training or carry out to be part of his clerical staff (Madoff). He instructed these employees to produce false documents. It was these fraudulent papers which he provided to regulators. Madoff also knew that while his business was no lifelong running, he had to make it appear that his investment operation was still working. He did this by constantly tr ansferring millions of dollars from one bank to another.The bank transfers were also used to shew the illusion that Madoff was actively fashioning securities negotiations in Europe for his clients. In addition, he spent the funds of the firm for the personal use of relatives, associates and himself (Madoff). Madoffs operation became progressively questionable as it continued to give a consistently optimistic report about its performance despite the dire economic situation. In addition, a elderberry bush executive at Madoffs firm also became suspicious when Madoff expressed his desire to give the annual bonuses of the employees two months earlier than intended (Henriques and Kouwe 1).Days precedent to that incident, Madoff mentioned to a different senior executive that he was having difficulty raising money to pay the investors $7 billion worth of withdrawals. When he was confronted by the senior executive, Madoff finally told the truth. His firm was actually bankrupt and it had been bankrupt for awhile. Madoff told his executives that while he planned to submit himself to the authorities, he first wished to give the remaining money to his family, friends and near employees (Henriques and Kouwe 2). He was not able to do as he planned, as he was soon arrested.Madoff was charged with several federal offenses, including perjury, money laundering and securities fraud (Madoff). On March 12, he pleaded guilty to all 11 felony counts, which could earn him a total of 150 years in prison (Madoff). Madoffs Ponzi scheme had a rather extensive scope. The consequences of his actions had negatively affected finance all over the world (Madoff). The scheme had caused problems with international institutions such as HSBC and BNP Paribas. The investors that lost in Madoffs scam included prominent names in sports, entertainment and publishing.His clients included Steven Spielberg, Eliot Spitzer, Elie Wiesel and Mortimer B. Zuckerman. Hedge fund manager R. Thierry Magon de l a Villehuchet also lost $1. 4 billion to the scheme (Madoff). Due to the Madoff controversy, the U. S. SEC had been bombarded with criticism. The latest Ponzi scheme by Madoff showed the committees inability to look after investments and safeguard the investors (Hutchinson). Prior to the scandal, the U. S. SEC claimed that they did not detect anything questionable about Madoffs business (Serwer). This would denote negligence on the part of the SEC.If the SEC itself cannot help investors, how do investors help themselves to avert becoming victims of such massive fraud? Financial experts have several suggestions on how securities fraud can be prevented. Both Hutchinson and Serwer agree that one essentialiness not invest in something he or she does not understand. If a person is presented with an investment offer, that individual must thoroughly investigate about the said offer. One must ask as many questions as needed, and until he or she has completely understood the process (Hutc hinson).If the person who made the offer cannot mightily describe how he profits from the said investment, there is a possibility that the offer maybe dubious. If possible, try to get hold of the accounting ratio of the company. demand a securities analyst to verify the numbers. Second, one must follow the three rules of investment. According to Hutchinson, these are diversify, buy over an extended period and research comfortably what you intend to buy. Diversifying is very important one must not invest all their money in one place. Lastly, experts are discouraging people from making investments in nameless enterprises (Serwer).People must avoid making investment transactions with people who claim to have connections (Hutchinson). If one plans to make an investment, he or she should stress competent and experienced investment specialists (Hutchinson). The story of Bernard Madoff is an unusual one. From one of Wall Streets most prominent personalities, he became one of the Ameri cas most recognizable criminals. The case of Madoff offers a lesson for everyone. In times wherein people will take advantage of other peoples investment, one must take the necessary precautions to avoid becoming a victim.Works Cited Bernard L. Madoff. The New York Times. 12 March 2009. 26 March 2009 . Gandel, S. Wall Streets Latest dilapidation Madoff Charged with Fraud. Time. 12 Dec. 2008. Time Inc. 26 March 2009 . Henriques, Diana B. , and Zachery Kouwe. Prominent Trader Accused of Defrauding Clients. The New York Times. 11 Dec. 2008. 26 March 2009 . Hutchinson, Martin. How to Avoid Madoff Mayhem. Money dayspring Web Site. Money Map Press. 26 March 2009 . Serwer, Andy. Madoff investors burned by SEC, too. CNN. com. 15 Dec. 2008. Fortune Magazine. 26 March 2009 . U. S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Ponzi Schemes. SEC Web Site. 19 April 2001 .

The Narrative

Jacques EpangueEnglish 101, 9M2 Professor Rolando JorifSpring 2013 The Narrative In About Men, by Gretel Ehrlich, the author describes cattlemans wish men who see to have trouble communicating with and relating to women, yet cling to an adolescent dependency on women to take care of them. This trouble of communication with women rear be perceived by others as a sign of weakness even a lack of virility. However, according to Ehrlich it may be because of historical and geographic factors.Cowboys who are mostly from the South kept that chivalrousness and strict codes of honor when the came to the Wyoming. This is why men would show a stand-offish and respectful attitude vis-a-vis the women. Also, due to the geographical vastness of the North, cowboys often work where there is no human beings or women. He is physically and socially isolated which make emotional evolution seem impossible. Therefore, if it happened that he feels something for a woman, he would have trouble communicati ng because he is not use to the code of seduction that average people know.And yet, spring wildly all night becomes a metaphor for the explosive emotions pent up inside, and when these are, on occasion, released, theyre so battery-charged and potent that unrivalled caress of the face of one I love you will peal for a long while. The attempt of the author to explain why the American cowboy tends to be rather speechless when it comes to seduce a woman squares well with her painting of his personality.Keep in mind that the purpose of her writing is to reveal the complex nature of the American cowboy, so she tries to show how the stereotype of the cowboy does not reflect the reality. This man who is usually thought of as a rugged and tough individual, is not only rise of manliness, but has his own kind of femininity reflected in his altruism, but also in his relationship with women, characterized by what the author names Those contradictions of the heart between respectability, lo gic and convention on the one hand, and impulse, passion, and intuition on the other.In fact the author stands that cowboys are vulnerable too, and according to her and Ted Hoagland No one is as soft as a woman but no one is as fragile as a man. The stereotype of the manly and macho cowboy is battlefield of uncertainly since we read Gretel Ehrlich. According to her, the image of American cowboy paints by media does not match the reality.Base on her own experience in the Wyoming she describes the American cowboy as a man with a complex nature, a combination of masculinity and femininity. The American cowboy is certainly strong and silent, or a rugged individualist, but not in the perverted way the media tend to show us. And if he looks evasive with women it is not because he is tough, but because he is missing the code of seduction, the vocabulary to express the complexity of what they feel.

Absurdity of a “Sivilized” Society-an Analysis of Huckleberry Finn Essay

The Absurdity of a Sivilized Society Authors often express their views on some(prenominal) given subject through their works, and Mark Twain is no exception. One may read The Adventures of huckabackleberry Finn and believe it is simply a novel almost a young boys childhood however, a deeper analysis of the text reveals many of Mark Twains expressions about important moral and social issues. mayhap one of the most prominent being the frailty of human justice and the hypocrisy we as a people foster in our societies.Throughout the novel, huckaback meets people who out to be good, cultivated people, besides always end up having a hypocritical fault about them. Though not all instance is a grave matter, Twains writing sharpens that societies in Hucks world be based upon corrupted laws and principles that defy prefatorial logic. Twains writing leaves the reader with an understanding that cowardice, illogical choices, and selfish as well as hypocritical people mark these societie s. Twain begins weave hypocrisies and cants early into the story one of the most appalling being the issue of Hucks custody.This flawed system of thought is first sh aver when the new assay in St. Petersburg rules that Pap has rightful custody of Huck. Although this would be bad for Huck if his father became his legal guardian, the judge asserts Paps rights to Huck as his biological son, despite the fact that this is placing Hucks wellbeing below the so-called rights of his father. Ironically, this system would put Huck under his dads custody, leaving him worse off, whereas Jim is separated from his family despite being a far better father and person.However, the welfare of the individual isnt highly valued in society, and thus they are placed in uncomfortable, often dangerous situations. The judge tries to put Huck back in contact with his horrid father and therefore abuse, but Jim, a loving parent, never receives help to be with his children and help rescue them from slavery an d separation. This decision defies all logic one would scrape in a frequent society, and yet this kind of thinking was commonplace.The values and welfare of a black person were nowhere near as important as those of a snow-clad man, and even though Jim is a grown man with the most in tune moral compass of any character in the book, Huck nonetheless has power oer him simply because he is white. By comparing the situation of Pap and Huck with slaves and their masters, Twain hints that it is impossible for a society to be civilized so long as it practices slavery. Though not quite as harmful, an another(prenominal) example of a hypocritical character can be put in the Widow Douglas and Miss Watson.In an attempt to sivilize Huckleberry, Miss Watson reprimands him for smoking a cigarette and yet she snuffs tobacco. Pretty soon I wished to smoke, and asked the leave behind to let me. But she wouldnt. She said it was a mean practice and wasnt clean, and I must try to not do it any mo re And she overlyk snuff, too of course that was all right, because she done it herself (Twain 2). She prevents Huck from doing what she believes is uncivilized and detrimental to his health, yet doesnt think twice about proceeding to do something very sympathetic simply because she herself enjoys it.This example of hypocrisy is not particularly malicious, but yet another example of how all the characters Huck is involved with has some form of a hypocritical flaw. Furthermore, Miss Watson is quite religious and, in efforts to teach Huck, tells him that all he must do is pray for something and he will have it. However, when Huck needs fishhooks and asks her to help pray for them, she calls him a fool. Then Miss Watson she took me in the closet and prayed, but nothing come of it. She told me to pray every day, and whatever I asked for I would get it.But it warnt so. I tried it. Once I got a fish- line, but no hooks. It warnt any good to me without hooks. I tried for the hooks three or four times, but somehow I couldnt make it make it work. By-and-by, one day, I asked Miss Watson to try for me, but she said I was a fool. (Twain 8). Miss Watson tells Huck that if he does something, he can expect a certain case but when things dont work, he asks for her help and she chides him for it The widow Douglas and Miss Watson are religious, educated, and yet, they are slave owners.They educate Huck, and teach him religion but find it perfectly acceptable to do things contrary to their teachings, such as snuff and practice slavery. The latter, being a more insidious humbug of St. Petersburg, is shown over and over again throughout Hucks journey. As Huck begins to stray from his backwards, insincere town, he reaches different places with different people, all different in their own way and yet, very similar to those in St. Petersburg. The Duke and Dauphin are two despicable con men who join Huck and Jim as they continue to drift on the river.The Duke and Dauphin cause tro uble for Huck and Jim, as well as the towns they visit. The fault here is that, the Duke and Dauphin are able to scam entire communities by lying, pretending to be someone theyre not, and weaveing their guests. Though they spend most of the novel doing awful things or planning awful things, they both are hardly punished. later the first showing of The Royal Nonesuch, the first group of attendees realizes they have been cheated. However, instead of chastising the Duke and Dauphin, the audience that night chooses to lie about the performance in give to cheat a second group of attendees. Hold on Just a word, gentlemen. They stopped to listen. We are soldmighty badly sold. But we dont want to be the laughing stock of this whole town, I reckon, and never hear the last of this thing as long as we live. NO. What we want is to go out of here quiet, and talk this show up, and sell the REST of the town Then well all be in the same boat. Aint that sensible? (You bet it is the jedge is rig ht everybody sings out. ) All right, thennot a word about any sell. Go along home, and advise everybody to come and try out the tragedy. (Twain 114).Most hypocritical, however, is the fact that the Judge of the town conceived this plan. He who stands as a pillar of justice and truth in the town decides to cheat the others in order to save face. By the third night, everyone in town has seen the play and the Duke and Dauphin make a large profit from their misconduct. Immoral acts committed by the Duke and Dauphin never yielded punishments, but brazen, drunk insults led to execution. Boggs, described as the most easy going old fool in Arkansas, began shouting insults and anathemas at Sherburn, the man who had cheated him. He Sherburn was standing perfectly still in the street, and had a pistol raised in his right handnot aiming it, but holding it out with the lay tilted up towards the sky Boggs throws up both of his hands and says, O Lord, dont shoot Bang goes the first shot, and he staggers back, clawing at the airbang goes the second one, and he tumbles backwards on to the ground, heavy and solid, with his arms spread out. (Twain 108). The Duke and Dauphin cheat entire communities and remain unpunished by their awing acts however, peccadilloes like shouting drunken insults result in execution.Twains writing exposes the issue of faulty justice and duplicitous nature of men. Furthermore, Sherburns savoir-faire to the angry mob around his house in relation to a lack of logic and cowardice capitulates Twains societal views. Twains use of hypocrisy helps express his views on societal issues. Though not every instance is harmful, such as Miss Watsons snuff usage, other notable examples such as the execution of Boggs and the custody of Huck highlight his belief that cowardice, lack of logic, and selfishness are at the core of society, not the communal welfare that it should be.The repeated instances of insecure, logic defying justice are the root of the proble m, as thoughtless crimes are punished severely whereas serious crimes go scot-free. Throughout the novel, Huck meets characters that appear good, yet Twain makes a conscious effort to prove they are prejudiced slave owners. The illogical choices and hypocritical people presented throughout the novel show the hypocrisy and ludicrousness of the sivilized society.

The Malaysian Issues of Teens and Sexuality

The Malaysian issues of juveniles and sexuality. Teen pregnancies have been a virus that lately sprung out in Malaysia it is only more recently that we have seen the growth and its severity affecting the youth. Are Malaysian teen not receiving enough sex education causing the statistic to rise even raise? This question how teen pregnancy has evolved and how times have changed bringing upon a serious social issue. To begin, the statistic provided by Ministry of Health (MOH) published by The STAR newsprint (22th September 2012), there are 18,532 pregnant teens age ranged from 10-19 years old in the year 2011.There are 4222 that were unmarried. It is more than 30 % pregnant teens that were unmarried. The statistics also verbalize a drastic rise between the number of pregnancies and unwed teenagers. As teenager become more sexually active, doctors and the MOH are sounding over the attach in the rate we often ask is having it worth it? Most sexual activity that happens to teenagers below 20 years old, leads not only to unwanted pregnancies hardly also cases like baby dumping and also illegal abortion. Getting pregnant is only the beginning there would be more decision to lick and choices to choose from further down the road.Pregnancies among teenager mostly begin with the talk of sexual activity. According to the article Porn narration service a teen bestseller complied by Winnie Yeoh of The Star Online, the Malaysian teenager get erotic contents on their phones. as the world moves to a modern era, the youngsters were subscribing to an Indonesian pornographic story on their smart phones for RM 17 a week. They would gather and talk about it while feasting on the dirty pictures. This is one of the reason why more and more of them would fall into the teenage pregnancy trap.When interviewed, Rosli (not his real name) states that they were unaware of the consequences of free sex and not using contraception. The social change that leads to this is most of the tim e relate to a change in the nature of adolescence. At the age of 10-19, most of the teenager reaches the level of puberty and curiosity to try out sex rages. rough violated the use of the internet to search and research on the term sex. Others may find alternative to satisfy their need thru pirated cd and magazines. many problems arise from the curiosity of teenager towards the topic of sex. They

World Religions Report: Catholicism

What is Catholicism? Catholicism is considered similar to the Nazareneianity with slight differences, such as having the Pope as the head of the church building and a strong devotion to the Virgin Mary. Basically, Catholics deal that their Church was founded by the Naz arne Christ. In addition, Catholic rulings ar specifically menti superstard in the Apostles Creed. Catholics also have sacraments which are received doneout the course of life. They give primary importance to Baptism, which coiffes them an official member of the Catholic Church. Generally, Catholic belief is establish both on Scriprture and Tradition.The Holy Bible that contains scriptures are divided among the New and Old Testaments. The accepted language of most of the Old Testament is Hebrew or Aramaic, solely several books or portions of books were written in Greek. The New Testament was also written in Greek (Christianity Portal, 2006). More all(prenominal)place, sacred traditions are one and only(a)s carried over from the earliest Church practices. These are handed down through scriptural teachings. They are guided in life by the Ten Commandments, that are believed to be given by paragon himself through a prophet named Moses.These commandments include honoring ones parents, non taking the name of God in vain, and honoring Sabbath day condemnation (Sunday), among others. The commandments are based on love of God and mankind. Based on the commadments, Man is also prohibit to kill another or steal from others. Committing against the commandments is considered a mortal sin and can condemn one to hell. On the other hand, following the commandments and being good towards others promises heaven and eternal life. Furthermore, ingathering is important in the life of every Catholic. However, this is not an obligation.They have various forms of prayer towards God, special prayers to saints and patron saints, ad prayers accord to intention. In addition, there are Catholics who have es tablished devotion to Mary, the mother of Jesus. They pray to her for intercession, basing on the belief that whatever is asked through her to Jesus will be granted. These, however, depends if it is Gods will. They pray the Holy Rosary, which consists of repetitions of the Hail Mary, a prayer for Mary. During the rosary, they recall the life of Christ in the form of four mysteries Joyful, Sorrowful, Glorious, and Light Mysteries.Catholicism believes in one God and memorises Him as eternal, all-powerful, all-knowing and omnipresent(Christianity Portal, 2006). Catholics believe that God know all mans thoughts and sees all his actions. Catholics believe that there are cardinal persons in one God the Father, the boy, and the Holy Spirit. The faith of the Church and of the item-by-item Christian is based on a relationship with these three Persons of the one God (Christianity Portal, 2006). Name, Location brush up of the Site The interview with Danford Cabinatan was conducted in The Saint Ritas Catholic Church in Waianae, Hawaii.It is located in 89-318 Farrington High steering, Nanakuli. The church can be easily identified as Catholic as there are three big crosses on top of it. Inside are statues of Mary, angels, and saints. Most noticeable is the statue of the crucified Christ on the cross. at that place is a rectangular table by the altar where the priest officiates the Holy Mass. The said table faces wooden pews, where Catholics sit/kneel during the Mass. Based on Saint Ritas official website, their schedule of Masses are held everyday. However, confessions are held by appointment. In addition, matrimony should be scheduled at least 6 months ahead of the developed wedding date.Saint Rita conducts religious educational activities for the youth and for adults. They conduct Bible Studies and Scripture Sharing. Interview thick Ten questions about Catholicism were prepared for this interview. Danford Cabinatan willingly answered all these questions. He was b aptized Catholic and was raise as one by his parents. Baptism, as he said, prepares adults to receive other sacraments such as satisfaction and Confirmation. As a Catholic, he attends Mass on Sundays and holy days of obligation, confesses his sins, receives the Holy Communion, and observes the days of refrain and abstinence. some of the important and traditional Catholic holidays are the Holy days of Obligation, Ash Wednesday, Palm Sunday, level-headed Friday, Easter Sunday, The Ascension, Pentecost, Trinity Sunday, Feast of the Assumption of Mary, exclusively Saints Day, Feast of the Immaculate Conception and Christmas or the virgin birth of Jesus Christ. Catholics differ from other Christians as they celebrate the Eucharist. In contrast to Christians, the Catholic Church is overseen by the Pope, and has devotion to Mary and the Saints. The Christia Bible also differs from other religious books as it has the Old and the New Testaments.All Christians use the Bible, however th ey differ in versions and translations. When asked how has his religion shaped his life, Cabinatan answered Religion is/will always be part of my life and shaped me to what I am today. Believing and having faith In God. Believe in the Ten Commandments and life will be good to anyone. One just needs to recite the Apostles Creed. He also denies questioning his faith at any point of his life. The Catholic Church is involved in the community lot of social programs and ministries throughout the world.They include shelters, hospitals and schools. The ministries like the Catholic Relief Services and Charities financial aid the poor, families, sick and elderly. The Catholic Church have organizations world wide like the Daughters of Charity and the Knights of Columbus. The Knights of Columbus visited every family who had lost family member/members in the 9-11incident. In addition, the Knights also assisted and donated huge amount of money to the families change by the 9-11 attack. Cabinat an is a member of the Knights of Columbus and a Eucharistic minister.He also is an Extra quotidian minister at the hospital where he visits the sick and administers the Eucharist every 5th Sunday. Catholism versus Buddhism There are significant differences between Catholicism and Buddhism. Among which are beliefs, faith, traditions, and practices. One of the major differences is the entity worshipped. Catholics, as Christians, primarily believe in Jesus Christ while Buddhists believe in Buddha. Jesus Christ was the son of Mary, who conceived Christ through Immaculate Conception. Buddha was born as Siddhartha Gautama, who was the King of India.Christ claimed he is both man and God, who died and rose again, establishing a unique and everlasting covenant with man (Clark, 2008). On the other hand, Buddha is believed to be one of the many to set in different ages to teach man that life is an illusion and to strip away human desires and attachments(Clark, 2008). Christ said that he is t he Way, the Truth, and the Life while Buddha teaches that every person must find their own caterpillar tread to enlightenment, or nirvana, the extinction of self(Clark, 2008).Jesus taught God wishes to share His divine life, given through the Son by the power of the Holy Spirit while Buddha taught individuality must perish and that everything is One (Clark, 2008). On faith, Buddhists do not believe in a god. Buddha was a human being who attained secure Enlightenment through meditation and showed the path of spiritual awakening and sparedom (Fisher, 2005, p. 134). With this, Buddhism is said to be a religion of wisdom, enlightnement and compassion while Catholicism is a religion of God. Catholics believe that the Church is the Body and Bride of Christ, the seeded player of the Kingdom of God, and the conduit of Gods grace and mercy in the world (Clark, 2008). Catholics rely on faith in God when difficulties and trials come in life. Meanwhile, Buddhist teaching suggests that the o nly way to escape these difficulties is non-existence. In the light of poors and problems, Catholics see these as something to bring them closer to God. They see these as part of everyday life and takes these as a reason to maintain devotion to God. In other words, worthlesss and sacrifices unite them with him.On the other hand, the Buddhists see suffering as something to be escaped from. They are not concerned with whether or not God exists, nor plead worship. Instead, seek after non-self (anatman)(Clark, 2008). Buddhists also believe that it was during meditation under a bodhi tree that Buddha was suddenly enlightened. He was enlightened with the doctrine or dharma of Four Noble Truths. These are (1) life is suffering (2) the cause of suffering is desire (3) to be free from suffering we must detach from desire and, (4) the eight-fold path is the way to palliate desire.The eight-fold path includes having right views, intentions, speech, actions, livelihood, effort, mindfulness, and concentration. The final goal of Buddhism is not merely to eradicate desire, but to be free of suffering. (Clark, 2008) On practice, the Catholics celebrate the Holy Eucharist every Sunday. They attend the mass on Holy Days of Obligation Feast of the Immaculate Conception and Christmas Day. Catholics have various prayers that are prayed at any time of the day. Catholics also have traditional prayers such as the Our Father, that is believed to have been taught by Jesus Christ himself. each conversation with God is considered a form of prayer. At times, they meditate and keep silent, since they believe that God speaks in silence. Buddhists, on the other hand, do not pray to a higher power as Catholics do, but they recite mantras and meditate. Buddhists meditate to gain clarity of thought, power of concentration and insight into the lawful nature of reality. Similarities historied between these two religions is the practice of prayer and the desire to reach a good and peaceful st ate. concord to the Ignatius in Sight website, External similarities, including monks, meditation, and prayer beads, seemed to indicate a newly discovered closeness between the followers of Christ and Buddha (Clark, 2008). Conclusion It appears that Catholicism is a religion while Buddhism is more of a way of life. Catholics observes rules based on the commandments and morals that guide their way of life. However, this is not in a strict sense. Some opt to be non-practicing Catholics. These are ones who were baptized in the Catholic church but do not attend the Mass or receive any other sacraments.Catholics may do good in the name of God and mankind but with the fear that failing to do so will make them sin and go to hell. Also, they aim to do what the Catholic Church teach, for fear of immorality. Based from the interview of Danford Cabinatan, his drop in the Catholic faith was instilled right after birth. He was baptized as a Catholic and accordingly brought up as one by his pare nts. When he was asked how he deals with the impulses of the secular world, he exclaimed I tell everyone to stay close to the church and life will be good to you Dont let life pass you by This is why Cabinatan is an active member of the Church and a true practicing Catholic. The impression is Cabinatan appears contented and happy being a Catholic all his life. He even remarked that he has never doubted the Catholic faith. He did not consider converting to any religion. Just like any job, relationship, or status, ones religion can be freely chosen. What matters is what works for the person and what makes him live a healthy cultivable life. For Cabinatan, Catholicism is beneficial, as he appears contented and confident in the Catholic belief.

What Is the History of Easter

If easter is a holiday that was created because of Jesus, then where did all the testicle and bunnies come from? Well, as I absorb said umpteen, some(prenominal) times before, Christianity is based on a peachy deal older religious texts. (Many of which were destroyed to keep the origins of Christianity a secret. Hence why theyve burned so many libraries passim history) If you want to know the long, drawn out history of easter, then I shall share it below. easter History Christian and Pagan Traditions Interwoven The history of east wind reveals rich associations between the Christian trust and the seemingly unrelated practices of the early pagan religions. easterly history and traditions that we practice today evolved from pagan symbols, from the ancient goddess Ishtar to Easter junkys and the Easter bunny. Easter, perhaps the most important of the Christian holidays, celebrates the Christs resurrection from the dead following his death on Good Friday. . . a rebirth tha t is commemorated around the vernal equinox, historically a time of pagan jubilation that coincides with the arrival of beginning and symbolizes the arrival of light and the awakening of life around us. Ostara, Goddess of Spring and the Dawn (Oestre / Eastre)Easter is named for a Saxon goddess who was cognize by the names of Oestre or Eastre, and in Germany by the name of Ostara. She is a goddess of the forenoon and the spring, and her name derives from words for dawn, the shining light arising from the east. Our words for the female horm superstar estrogen derives from her name. Ostara was, of course, a birthrate goddess. Bringing in the end of winter, with the days brighter and growing longer after the vernal equinox, Ostara had a oestrus for stark naked life. Her presence was felt in the flowering of plants and the birth of babies, both animal and human.The rabbit (well cognise for its propensity for rapid reproduction) was her sacred animal. Easter testicle and the East er bunny rabbit both featured in the spring festivals of Ostara, which were initially held during the feasts of the goddess Ishtar Inanna. Eggs are an obvious symbol of fertility, and the newborn chicks an adorable representation of new growth. Brightly colored eggs, chicks, and bunnies were all used at festival time to express appreciation for Ostaras boon of abundance. History of Easter Eggs and Easter Candy The history of Easter Eggs as a symbol of new life should come as no surprise.The notion that the Earth itself was hatched from an egg was once widespread and appears in creation stories ranging from Asian to Ireland. Eggs, in ancient times in Yankee Europe, were a potent symbol of fertility and often used in rituals to guarantee a womans dexterity to bear children. To this day rural grannywomen (lay midwives/healers in the Appalachian mountains) thus far use eggs to predict, with uncanny accuracy, the stimulate of an unborn child by watching the rotation of an egg as i t is suspended by a string over the abdomen of a pregnant woman.Dyed eggs are given as gifts in many cultures. Decorated eggs bring with them a wish for the prosperity of the abundance during the coming year. Folklore suggests that Easter egg hunts arose in Europe during the Burning Times, when the rise of Christianity led to the shunning (and persecution) of the followers of the honest-to-god Religion. Instead of giving the eggs as gifts the adults made a game of hiding them, assemblage the children together and encouraging them to find the eggs.Some believe that the authorities seeking to find the heathens would follow or present the children to reveal where they found the eggs so that the property owner could be brought to justice. Green Eggs . . . . . . and overact The heart and soul that is traditionally associated with Easter is ham. Though some might argue that ham is served at Easter since it is a Christian meat, (prohibited for others by the religious laws of Judaism a nd Islam) the origin probably lies in the early practices of the pagans of Northern Europe.Having slaughtered and maintain the meat of their agricultural animals during the Blood Moon celebrations the previous autumn so they would have food throughout the winter months, they would celebrate the occasion by using up the last of the remain cured meats. In anticipation that the arrival of spring with its emerging plants and wildlife would provide them with fresh food in abundance, it was customary for many pagans to begin abstemiousness at the time of the vernal equinox, clearing the poisons (and excess weight) produced by the heavier winter meals that had been stored in their bodies over the winter.Some have suggested that the purpose of this fasting may have been to create a sought-after state of altered consciousness in time for the spring festivals. One cannot only wonder if this practice of fasting might have been a forerunner of giving up foods during the Lenten season. Choc olate Easter bunnies and eggs, marshmallow chicks in pastel colors, and candy of all sorts, most of which are given out as personalized gifts during Easter . . . these have pagan origins as well To understand their association with religion we need to examine the gist of food as a symbol.The ancient belief that, by eating something we take on its characteristics make the basis for the earliest blessings before meals (a way to honor the life that had been sacrificed so that we as humans could screw life) and, presumably, for the more recent Christian sacrament of communion as well. Shaping candy Easter eggs and bunnies to celebrate the spring festival was, simply put, a way to celebrate the symbols of the goddess and the season, while laying guide to their strengths (vitality, growth, and fertility) for ourselves.The Goddess Ostara and the Easter Bunny Feeling guilty round arriving late one spring, the Goddess Ostara saved the life of a poor bird whose wings had been frozen by t he snow. She made him her pet or, as some sports have it, her lover. Filled with compassion for him since he could no longer fly (in some versions, it was because she wished to amuse a stem of young children), Ostara turned him into a snow hare and gave him the gift of being able to run with unimagined speed so he could protect himself from hunters.In remembrance of his earlier form as a bird, she in any case gave him the ability to lay eggs (in all the colors of the rainbow, no less), but only on one day out of all(prenominal) year. Eventually the hare managed to anger the goddess Ostara, and she cast him into the skies where he would remain as the constellation Lepus (The Hare) forever positioned under the feet of the constellation Orion (the Hunter). He was allowed to return to earth once each year, but only to give away his eggs to the children attending the Ostara festivals that were held each spring. The tradition of the Easter Bunny had begun.The Hare was sacred in many ancient traditions and was associated with the moon goddesses and the various deities of the hunt. In ancient times eating the Hare was prohibited except at Beltane (Celts) and the festival of Ostara (Anglo-Saxons), when a ritual hare-hunt would take place. In many cultures rabbits, like eggs, were considered to be potent remedies for fertility problems. The ancient philosopher-physician Pliny the Elder prescribed rabbit meat as a cure for female sterility, and in some cultures the genitals of a hare were carried to parry barrenness.Medieval Christians considered the hare to bring bad fortune, saying enthrales changed into rabbits in order to suck the cows dry. It was claimed that a mesmerize could only be killed by a silver crucifix or a bul permit when she appeared as a hare. Given their mad leaping and boxing displays during mating season as well as their ability to produce up to 42 offspring each spring, it is understandable that they came to represent lust, sexuality, and ex cess in general.Medieval Christians considered the hare to be an evil omen, believing that witches changed into rabbits in order to suck the cows dry. It was claimed that a witch could only be killed by a silver crucifix or a bullet when she appeared as a hare. In later Christian tradition the white Hare, when depicted at the Virgin Marys feet, represents contentment over lust or the flesh. The rabbits vigilance and speed came to represent the need to flee from sin and temptation and a reminder of the swift passage of life.And, finally, there is a sweet Christian legend about a young rabbit who, for three days, waited anxiously for his friend, Jesus, to return to the Garden of Gethsemane, not knowing what had generate of him. Early on Easter morning, Jesus returned to His favorite garden and was welcomed the little rabbit. That evening when the disciples came into the garden to pray, still unaware of the resurrection, they found a clump of beautiful larkspurs, each blossom bearing the image of a rabbit in its center as a remembrance of the little creatures hope and faith.Ishtar, Goddess of Love, and the First Resurrection (also known as Inanna) Ishtar, goddess of romance, procreation, and war in ancient Babylon, was also worshipped as the Sumerian goddess Inanna. One of the great goddesses, or mother goddesses, the stories of her descent to the Underworld and the resurrection that follows are contained in the oldest writings that have ever been discovered. . . the Babylonian creation myth Enuma Elish and the story of Gilgamesh. Scholars believed that they were based on the oral mythology of the region and were recorded about 2,100 B.C. E. The most famous of the myths of Ishtar tell of her descent into the realm of the dead to rescue her young lover, Tammuz, a Vegetation god forced to live half the year in the Underworld. Ishtar approached the gates of the Underworld, which was ruled by her twin sister Eresh-kigel, the goddess of death and infertility. She w as refused admission. Similar to the Greek myths of Demeter and Persephone that came later, during Ishtars absence the earth grew barren since all acts of procreation ceased while she was away.Ishtar screamed and ranted that she would get out down the gates and release all of the dead to overwhelm the world and compete with the living for the remaining food unless she was allowed to enter and plead her case with her twin. Needless to say, she won admission. But the guard, following standard protocol, refused to let her pass through the first gate unless she removed her crown. At the next gate, she had to remove her earrings, then her necklace at the next, removing her garments and proud finery until she stood humbled and naked after passing through the seventh (and last) gate.In one version, she was held captive and died but was brought back to life when her servant sprinkled her with the water of life. In the more widely known version of the myth, Ishtars request was granted and s he regained all of her attire and possessions as she slowly re-emerged through the gates of darkness. Upon her return, Tammuz and the earth returned to life. one-year celebrations of this Day of Joy, were held each year around the time of the vernal equinox.These celebrations became the forerunners of the Ostara festivals that welcomed Oestre and the arrival of spring. A partition on the Goddess Inanna (the Sumerian version of the Goddess Ishtar), her myths and symbols, is included with the myths of the goddesses at this website. Easter eggs, the Easter Bunny, the dawn that arrives with resurrection of life, and the celebration of spring all serve to remind us of the cycle of rebirth and the need for renewal in our lives. In the history of Easter, Christian and pagan traditions are gracefully interwoven.

Dumpster Diving Literary Analysis Essay

How much regimen do consumers waste? not much, a lot, you dont know, or you dont care? It doesnt seem that umpteen consumers do care. In the article, On Dumpster Diving (1993), Lars Eighner uses exposition, description, and narration to criticize consumer wastefulness.Exposition is the literary device that Eighner uses the intimately throughout this article. Exposition is when the author conveys his story through explanation. Eighner explains certain things rather than telling a war cry for word story about his experiences. Eighner uses this device often in this article such as when he says, I have heard community, evidentially meaning to be polite, use the word foraging, but I take to use that word for gathering nuts and berries and such, which I do also according to season and the fortune. Eighner does not simply say he disproves of using the word foraging in that panache, he explains why he disproves of it. This is the manner in which a majority of the article is told in. Description is another literary device used in this article. When an author writes descriptively they describe what they are discussing in great detail to assist the reader better picture what they are saying. There is a bit of descriptive writing in Eighners article such as when he says, Some students, and others, approach defrosting a freezer by chucking out the whole lot. The mass of frozen goods stays cold for a long time and items may be found still frozen or freshly thawed. Describing this process, Eighner tells us that consumers waste food because of ignorance. Not knowing a proper procedure or simply not preparing causes more evitable wastefulness.The third device Eighner uses in this article is narration. Narration is simply telling a story the way it happened. There is no stopping to explain or describe what you are discussing. Eighner practices this device when he says, I began scavenging by pulling pizzas out of the dumpster behind a pizza delivery shop. While it last ed I had a steady supply of fresh, sometimes warm pizza. Eighner tells us this to let us know that kind of of donating the good pizza to the needy, the pizza shop unsloped throws it in thetrash.Eighners purpose in this essay is to criticize consumer wastefulness. Eighner gives proof of consumer wastefulness in order to open the eyes of consumers so people pull up stakes care more about what they throw out, and focus more on saving what they can.Eighners footstep in this article is formal. Eighner writes in a formal tone to let the consumers whom he is addressing know that just because he is homeless does not mean his tactile sensation is unknowledgeable. If anything he should know more about the field of force because he has seen it from both sides. Eighner uses a formal tone because the average consumer would think more highly of his opinion if it is written formally, as opposed to informally.The article leaves me wondering whether or not consumers will see and run into wha t Eighner is trying to convey. Will people see how much food is being wasted? Are people going to start to stop and think about what they are throwing in the trash? Will the follow of wasted food decline, stay the same, or even increase?